Japan’s Work Culture Is Changing: 5 Things You Should Know

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If you are working in Japan, you may have heard that Japanese work culture is tough: long overtime hours, strict bosses, and lifetime employment with little flexibility. But in recent years, Japan’s work environment has been changing — both legally and socially.

In this article, I explain 5 major changes in Japanese workplaces that every foreign worker should know.

Overtime Hours Are Now Regulated by Law

In the past, working overtime in Japan was often expected. Many workers stayed in the office until late at night, even if they finished their tasks. This was especially common in industries like manufacturing, IT, and finance.

But today, overtime is strictly regulated by law. Under Japan’s Labor Standards Act, companies must follow these rules:

• Regular overtime: maximum 45 hours per month and 360 hours per year
• Busy seasons: maximum 100 hours in a single month, and 720 hours per year (with agreement)
• Companies that break these rules face penalties

These legal changes have helped reduce overtime in many companies. Of course, some industries still struggle with long hours, but overall, more people now leave work on time.

Stronger Laws Against Harassment

In the past, workplace harassment such as power harassment (abuse of authority) and sexual harassment was often ignored or tolerated. Some managers shouted at their team members, and some employees suffered in silence.

Now, Japan has introduced strict anti-harassment laws.

• In 2020, companies became legally responsible for preventing power harassment in the workplace.
• Sexual harassment and harassment related to pregnancy or childcare leave must also be prevented.
• Companies must create clear policies and respond properly when issues are reported.

These rules apply to all employees, including foreign workers. If you face harassment, you have the right to report it, and your company has the duty to act.

Lifetime Employment Is No Longer the Standard

Japanese companies were once famous for offering lifetime employment and large retirement bonuses. In return, workers showed loyalty to the company for their entire career.

But times have changed.

• Lifetime employment is declining, especially among younger generations.
• Many people now change jobs to build their careers and find better work-life balance.
• Retirement bonuses are still common, but the amounts are decreasing at some companies.

Today, your career success depends less on staying in one company, and more on developing your own skills and taking new opportunities.

More Men Are Taking Parental Leave

Japanese law has allowed parental leave (育児休業) for both men and women for many years. However, in the past, very few men took childcare leave due to social pressure and workplace culture.

Recent years have seen major changes:

• In 2022, the law was revised to encourage paternity leave.
• Large companies (300+ employees) must now disclose the percentage of male employees taking childcare leave.
• Society’s attitude is also changing, making it easier for fathers to take time off.

More male workers are now taking parental leave to support their families. Workplaces are gradually becoming more family-friendly.

Side Jobs Are Supported by Government and Companies

In the past, many companies banned side jobs (副業), believing they would distract employees from their main work. However, this mindset has been changing.

• Since 2018, the Japanese government has promoted side jobs to help people develop new skills and earn additional income.
• More companies now allow side work, provided that employees follow company rules (for example, no work for competitors, or no work during company hours).
• This flexibility lets people build their careers in multiple ways.

If you are thinking about a side job, check your company’s policies first. Many foreign workers now use freelance platforms or teach online to earn extra income.

As Work Styles Change, You Can Save on Living Costs Too

While Japan’s work culture is becoming more flexible, managing your living expenses is equally important.

Living in Tokyo can be expensive, especially when looking for a furnished apartment. But there are affordable options that can help you save money.

For example, you can find private, fully furnished rooms starting from just 38,000 yen per month.

There’s no deposit, key money, or agency fee. Basic furniture and appliances — such as a bed, desk, fridge, and washing machine — are already included. This makes them perfect for new arrivals or anyone on a budget.

Looking for a place to live? Check out XROSS HOUSE for listings you can apply to online.

You don’t need a guarantor—just a small initial guarantee fee.

Short-term stays starting from one month are also available, which is ideal if you’re still figuring out your long-term plans.

By not only increasing your income but also smartly managing your expenses, you can enjoy a more comfortable life in Japan.

Final Thoughts: Know Your Rights, Build Your Career

Japanese work culture is no longer what it used to be.

• Legal protections are stronger.
• Work-life balance is becoming more common.
• Flexible work styles like side jobs and career changes are accepted.

Of course, change takes time, and some companies are slower to adapt. But if you understand your rights and make smart career choices, you can build a better working life in Japan.